{"id":53,"date":"2019-05-31T06:49:02","date_gmt":"2019-05-31T06:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/?p=53"},"modified":"2021-02-04T08:09:04","modified_gmt":"2021-02-04T08:09:04","slug":"snoring-obstructive-sleep-apnoea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/2019\/05\/31\/snoring-obstructive-sleep-apnoea\/","title":{"rendered":"Snoring: Obstructive Sleep Apnoea"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Normal sleep consists of 4 phases:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Falling asleep \u2013 Very deep sleep \u2013 REM (rapid eye movements) \u2013 Awakening or Arousal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4-6 cycles of these phases every night give sound sleep with a fresh feeling on awakening.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These normal cycles are disturbed when the brain does not get enough oxygen secondary to obstruction to breathing during sleep.&nbsp; Normally the pharyngeal muscles are taut and contracted during the wakeful state. During sleep like all skeletal muscles of the body, the pharyngeal muscle gets flaccid.&nbsp; In obese individual or in short neck people, this flaccidity can obstruct the air passage causing repeated apnoeas or cessation of breathing for a few seconds.&nbsp; This sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops &amp; starts is called Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Loud snoring due to vibrations of closed air passages is an \u201calert\u201d to OSA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Snoring is disturbing for the person sleeping next to the snorer.&nbsp; It signifies difficulty in breathing during sleep, and there are episodes of choking or gasping several times during sleep, called Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How to recognize Obstructive Sleep Apnoea?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 Restlessness. The person might find it difficult to stay asleep or maybe restless during sleep if disturbed by OSA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 Sudden waking up \u2013 Due to loss of breath, the person might wake up feeling choked causing a break in sleep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 Frequent visits to the bathroom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 Frequently waking up to drink water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 Loud persistent snoring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Day time sleepiness \u2013 Waking up feeling low on energy, and feeling sleep deprived.<\/li><li>Bad headaches every morning after waking up signals OSA. Due to low oxygen levels, blood vessels can widen-up causing these headaches.<\/li><li>Dry throat \u2013 Dry or sore throat on awakening are signs of OSA. Dry mouth can be a result of breathing through the mouth.<\/li><li>Mood swings \u2013 Not getting quality sleep almost every night can make a person irritated or susceptible to these mood swings. If not attended on time, this can lead to depression.<\/li><li>Loss of attention \u2013 OSA affects cognitive functions, making it difficult for a person to concentrate for long, and even cause amnesia for some.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Test to be done is called Sleep Study or Polysomnography that can detect breathing obstruction during sleep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How can we prevent or treat OSA?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For milder cases of obstructive sleep apnoea, management consists of:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Weight loss decreases the fat around the pharynx.<\/li><li>Exercise tones the muscles and increases the neuro muscular transmitters to the breathing apparatus.<\/li><li>Drink alcohol modestly.<\/li><li>Quit-smoking \u2013 The ingredients in smoke can cause further constriction of air passages.<\/li><li>Use of nasal decongestant or allergy medications.<\/li><li>Sleeping on the side instead of the back.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>All patients should be offered Nasal CPAP therapy first.&nbsp; In patients with mild to severe obstructive sleep apnoea, who refuse or reject nasal CPAP therapy, BIPAP therapy should be tried next.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What is CPAP? (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Continuous Positive Airway Pressure&nbsp;is a form of positive airway pressure ventilator a kind of sleep therapy machine, which helps a person of OSA to breathe more easily during sleep.&nbsp; It increases air pressure in the throat so that the airway does not collapse when you breathe in.&nbsp; It does this by applying mild air pressure on a continuous basis to keep the airways continuously open in people who are not able to breathe spontaneously on their own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A CPAP machine uses a hose and mask or nose piece to deliver constant and steady air pressure.&nbsp; (Common problems with CPAP include a leaky mask, stuffy nose, dry mouth and trouble falling asleep).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The air pressure keeps the throat muscles from collapsing and reducing obstructions by acting as a splint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bilevel PAP:&nbsp;BIPAP machines have 2 level settings \u2013 The prescribed pressure for inhalation (ipap) and a lower pressure for exhalation (epap).&nbsp; The dual settings allow the patient to get more air in and out of their lungs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/synergyforhealth.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/dr-vijay-image.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/synergyforhealth.in\/blog\/author\/vijaynegalur\/\">Dr. Vijay Negalur<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MD FICP FACP FACE (USA) PGDDM (UK)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fellowship In Diabetes (India)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Senior Consultant,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/QY58TPq2MUzZNrAC9\">Diabetes &amp; Thyroid Specialities Center<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Normal sleep consists of 4 phases: Falling asleep \u2013 Very deep sleep \u2013 REM (rapid eye movements) \u2013 Awakening or Arousal. 4-6 cycles of these phases every night give sound [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":54,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56,"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions\/56"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/54"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetesandthyroidcare.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}